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  2. X-ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray

    X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is a chemical analysis technique relying on the photoelectric effect, usually employed in surface science. Radiation implosion is the use of high energy X-rays generated from a fission explosion (an A-bomb) to compress nuclear fuel to the point of fusion ignition (an H-bomb).

  3. X-ray optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_optics

    X-ray optics is the branch of optics that manipulates X-rays instead of visible light.It deals with focusing and other ways of manipulating the X-ray beams for research techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and X-ray astronomy.

  4. X-ray fluorescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_fluorescence

    X-ray fluorescence. XRF scanning of the Rembrandt -painting Syndics of the Drapers' Guild. A handheld XRF analyzer gun. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by being bombarded with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays.

  5. Radiography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiography

    Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal form of an object. Applications of radiography include medical ("diagnostic" radiography and "therapeutic") and industrial radiography. Similar techniques are used in airport security, (where "body scanners ...

  6. X-ray microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_microscope

    An X-ray microscope uses electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray band to produce magnified images of objects. Since X-rays penetrate most objects, there is no need to specially prepare them for X-ray microscopy observations. Unlike visible light, X-rays do not reflect or refract easily and are invisible to the human eye.

  7. X-ray machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_machine

    An X-ray generator generally contains an X-ray tube to produce the X-rays. Possibly, radioisotopes can also be used to generate X-rays. [1]An X-ray tube is a simple vacuum tube that contains a cathode, which directs a stream of electrons into a vacuum, and an anode, which collects the electrons and is made of tungsten to evacuate the heat generated by the collision.

  8. X-ray tube - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_tube

    An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays. [1] The availability of this controllable source of X-rays created the field of radiography, the imaging of partly opaque objects with penetrating radiation. In contrast to other sources of ionizing radiation, X-rays are only produced as long as the X-ray tube is ...

  9. X-ray crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

    X-ray crystallography is the experimental science of determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes a beam of incident X-rays to diffract in specific directions. By measuring the angles and intensities of the X-ray diffraction, a crystallographer can produce a three-dimensional picture of ...

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