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ACD/ChemSketch. Model of 2-Formyloxybenzoic acid, created using ACD/ChemSketch. ACD/ChemSketch is a molecular modeling program used to create and modify images of chemical structures. The software allows for the importation and display of molecules and molecular models displayed in two and three dimensions. [1]
Biosafety. Biosafety is the prevention of large-scale loss of biological integrity, focusing both on ecology and human health. [1] These prevention mechanisms include the conduction of regular reviews of biosafety in laboratory settings, as well as strict guidelines to follow. Biosafety is used to protect from harmful incidents.
The iPLEDGE program is a program by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) intended to manage the risk of birth defects caused by isotretinoin (also known as Accutane), [1] a prescription medication used for the treatment of acne. [2] [3] Patients, their doctors and their pharmacists are required by the FDA to register and use the iPLEDGE ...
Ustilaginoidea virens. Ustilaginoidea oryzae (Pat.) Bref., (1895) Ustilaginoidea virens, perfect sexual stage Villosiclava virens, [1] is a plant pathogen which causes the disease "false smut" of rice which reduces both grain yield and grain quality. The disease occurs in more than 40 countries, especially in the rice producing countries of Asia.
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns ( PAMPs) are small molecular motifs conserved within a class of microbes, but not present in the host. [1] They are recognized by toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in both plants and animals. [2] This allows the innate immune system to recognize pathogens and thus ...
During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them.
In other cases, treating a disease or controlling a pathogen can be vital to preventing its spread to others, either during an outbreak of infectious disease or through contamination of food or water supplies. Public health communications programs, vaccination programs and distribution of condoms are examples of common preventive public health ...
Source attribution. In the field of epidemiology, source attribution refers to a category of methods with the objective of reconstructing the transmission of an infectious disease from a specific source, such as a population, individual, or location. For example, source attribution methods may be used to trace the origin of a new pathogen that ...