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e. The Incoterms or International Commercial Terms are a series of pre-defined commercial terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) relating to international commercial law. [1] Incoterms define the responsibilities of exporters and importers in the arrangement of shipments and the transfer of liability involved at various ...
A freight claim or cargo claim is a legal demand by a shipper or consignee against a carrier in respect of damage to a shipment, or loss thereof. [1] [2] [3] Typically, the claimant will seek damages (financial compensation for loss), but other remedies include "specific performance", where the cargo-owner seeks delivery of the goods as agreed.
Marine insurance covers the physical loss or damage of ships, cargo, terminals, and any transport by which the property is transferred, acquired, or held between the points of origin and the final destination. [1] [2] Cargo insurance is the sub-branch of marine insurance, [3] though marine insurance also includes onshore and offshore exposed ...
Free shipping is a marketing tactic used primarily by online vendors and mail-order catalogs as a sales strategy to attract customers. [1] Online sales model [ edit ]
FOB ( free on board) is a term in international commercial law specifying at what point respective obligations, costs, and risk involved in the delivery of goods shift from the seller to the buyer under the Incoterms standard published by the International Chamber of Commerce. FOB is only used in non-containerized sea freight or inland waterway ...
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v. t. e. When used in foreign trade, a commercial invoice is a customs document. It is used as a customs declaration provided by the person or corporation that is exporting an item across international borders. [1] Although there is no standard format, the document must include a few specific pieces of information such as the parties involved ...
v. t. e. A proof of delivery ( POD) is a document that substantiates that a carrier has satisfied its terms of a contract of carriage for cargo by confirmation of the recipient or consignee. [1] When the sender sends multiple documents through the mail, there is a possibility of some not reaching the intended recipient.
Advance ship notice. An advance ship notice or advance shipping notice (ASN) is a notification of pending and upcoming deliveries matched to the prior provided packing list. It is usually sent in an electronic format and is a common EDI document. In the EDI X12 system, it is known as the EDI 856 document and the EDIFACT equivalent is the DESADV ...
An example of a bill of lading. A bill of lading must be transferable, and serves three main functions: it is a conclusive receipt, i.e. an acknowledgement that the goods have been loaded; and; it contains, or evidences, the terms of the contract of carriage; and; it serves as a document of title to the goods, subject to the nemo dat rule.