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2. Delta-sigma modulation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta-sigma_modulation

   Delta-sigma ( ΔΣ; or sigma-delta, ΣΔ) modulation is an oversampling method for encoding signals into low bit depth digital signals at a very high sample-frequency as part of the process of delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs). Delta-sigma modulation achieves high quality by utilizing a ...

3. Nondeterministic finite automaton - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nondeterministic_finite...

   In automata theory, a finite-state machine is called a deterministic finite automaton (DFA), if. each of its transitions is uniquely determined by its source state and input symbol, and. reading an input symbol is required for each state transition. A nondeterministic finite automaton ( NFA ), or nondeterministic finite-state machine, does not ...

4. Deterministic finite automaton - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deterministic_finite_automaton

   A deterministic finite automaton M is a 5- tuple, (Q, Σ, δ, q0, F), consisting of. a finite set of states Q. a finite set of input symbols called the alphabet Σ. a transition function δ : Q × Σ → Q. an initial or start state. q 0 ∈ Q {\displaystyle q_ {0}\in Q} a set of accept states. F ⊆ Q {\displaystyle F\subseteq Q}

5. Finite-state machine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-state_machine

   A finite-state machine ( FSM) or finite-state automaton ( FSA, plural: automata ), finite automaton, or simply a state machine, is a mathematical model of computation. It is an abstract machine that can be in exactly one of a finite number of states at any given time. The FSM can change from one state to another in response to some inputs; the ...

6. Pushdown automaton - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pushdown_automaton

   Pushdown automaton. In the theory of computation, a branch of theoretical computer science, a pushdown automaton ( PDA) is a type of automaton that employs a stack . Pushdown automata are used in theories about what can be computed by machines. They are more capable than finite-state machines but less capable than Turing machines (see below ).

7. Two-way finite automaton - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-way_finite_automaton

   Two-way deterministic finite automaton. A two-way deterministic finite automaton ( 2DFA) is an abstract machine, a generalized version of the deterministic finite automaton (DFA) which can revisit characters already processed. As in a DFA, there are a finite number of states with transitions between them based on the current character, but each ...

8. Deterministic pushdown automaton - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deterministic_pushdown...

   Deterministic pushdown automaton. In automata theory, a deterministic pushdown automaton ( DPDA or DPA) is a variation of the pushdown automaton. The class of deterministic pushdown automata accepts the deterministic context-free languages, a proper subset of context-free languages. [1]

9. Probabilistic automaton - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic_automaton

   Probabilistic automaton. In mathematics and computer science, the probabilistic automaton ( PA) is a generalization of the nondeterministic finite automaton; it includes the probability of a given transition into the transition function, turning it into a transition matrix. [1] [2] Thus, the probabilistic automaton also generalizes the concepts ...