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The Luna programme (from the Russian word Луна "Luna" meaning "Moon"), occasionally called Lunik by western media, [1] was a series of robotic spacecraft missions sent to the Moon by the Soviet Union between 1959 and 1976. The programme accomplished many firsts in space exploration, including first flyby of the Moon, first impact of the ...
The crewed spacecraft is called Mengzhou ( Chinese: 梦舟; pinyin: mèng zhōu ), meaning “Dream Vessel”, which indicates the role of the spacecraft in realizing the dream of landing on the moon and exploring new frontiers in space. The crewed lunar lander is named " Lanyue " ( Chinese: 揽月; pinyin: lǎn yuè ), meaning “Embracing the ...
A lander is a spacecraft that descends towards, then comes to rest on the surface of an astronomical body other than Earth. [1] [page needed] In contrast to an impact probe, which makes a hard landing that damages or destroys the probe upon reaching the surface, a lander makes a soft landing after which the probe remains functional.
Floating launch vehicle operations platform. A floating launch vehicle operations platform is a marine vessel used for launch or landing operations of an orbital launch vehicle by a launch service provider: putting satellites into orbit around Earth or another celestial body, or recovering first-stage boosters from orbital-class flights by ...
PSLV. LVM3. The Chandrayaan programme ( / ˌtʃʌndrəˈjɑːn / CHUN-drə-YAHN) ( Sanskrit: Candra 'Moon', Yāna 'Craft, Vehicle', pronunciation ⓘ) [4] [5] also known as the Indian Lunar Exploration Programme is an ongoing series of outer space missions by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) for the exploration of the Moon.
SpaceX Mars Colonization Program. Elon Musk at the 2006 Mars Society conference. Before founding SpaceX in 2001, Musk had expressed interest in Mars missions and briefly joined the Mars Society's board of directors. SpaceX has stated its ambition to facilitate the colonization of Mars via the development of the Starship launch vehicle.
Surveyor program. The Surveyor program was a NASA program that, from June 1966 through January 1968, sent seven robotic spacecraft to the surface of the Moon. Its primary goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of soft landings on the Moon. The Surveyor craft were the first American spacecraft to achieve soft landing on an extraterrestrial body.
STS-135 ( ISS assembly flight ULF7) [4] was the 135th and final mission of the American Space Shuttle program. [5] [6] It used the orbiter Atlantis and hardware originally processed for the STS-335 contingency mission, which was not flown. STS-135 launched on July 8, 2011, and landed on July 21, 2011, following a one-day mission extension.