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Laminar flow (/ ˈlæmɪnər /) is the property of fluid particles in fluid dynamics to follow smooth paths in layers, with each layer moving smoothly past the adjacent layers with little or no mixing. [1] At low velocities, the fluid tends to flow without lateral mixing, and adjacent layers slide past one another smoothly.
Airflow, or air flow, is the movement of air. The primary cause of airflow is the existence of air. Air behaves in a fluid manner, meaning particles naturally flow from areas of higher pressure to those where the pressure is lower. Atmospheric air pressure is directly related to altitude, temperature, and composition. [1]
In the mathematical fields of differential geometry and geometric analysis, the Ricci flow (/ ˈriːtʃi / REE-chee, Italian: [ˈrittʃi]), sometimes also referred to as Hamilton's Ricci flow, is a certain partial differential equation for a Riemannian metric. It is often said to be analogous to the diffusion of heat and the heat equation, due ...
Power-flow study. In power engineering, the power-flow study, or load-flow study, is a numerical analysis of the flow of electric power in an interconnected system. A power-flow study usually uses simplified notations such as a one-line diagram and per-unit system, and focuses on various aspects of AC power parameters, such as voltages, voltage ...
Austempering is heat treatment that is applied to ferrous metals, most notably steel and ductile iron. In steel it produces a bainite microstructure whereas in cast irons it produces a structure of acicular ferrite and high carbon, stabilized austenite known as ausferrite. It is primarily used to improve mechanical properties or reduce ...
A concrete pump is a machine used for transferring liquid concrete by pumping. There are different types of concrete pumps. A common type of concrete pump for large scale construction projects is known as a boom concrete pump, because it uses a remote-controlled articulating robotic arm (called a boom) to place concrete accurately. It is ...
Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta (/ ˈ s t ɛ f ən i ˌ dʒ ɜːr m ə ˈ n ɒ t ə / ⓘ STEF-ən-ee JUR-mə-NOT-ə; born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer-songwriter and actress.
Scapa Flow (/ ˈskɑːpə, ˈskæpə /; from Old Norse Skalpaflói 'bay of the long isthmus') [ 1 ] is a body of water in the Orkney Islands, Scotland, sheltered by the islands of Mainland, Graemsay, Burray, [ 2 ] South Ronaldsay and Hoy. Its sheltered waters have played an important role in travel, trade and conflict throughout the centuries.