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India occupies 2.41% of the world's land area but supports over 18% of the world's population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the population [ 51 ] lived in about 638,000 villages [ 52 ] and the remaining 27.8% [ 51 ] lived in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.
India has been a federal republic since 1950, governed through a democratic parliamentary system. It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society. India's population grew from 361 million in 1951 to almost 1.4 billion in 2022. [62]
List of countries by population (United Nations) This is a list of countries and other inhabited territories of the world by total population, based on estimates published by the United Nations in the 2024 revision of World Population Prospects. It presents population estimates from 1950 to the present. [2]
Indian people or Indians are the citizens and nationals of the Republic of India. In 2022, the population of India stood at 1.4 billion people, of various ethnic groups. According to United Nations forecasts, India overtook China as the world's most populous country by the end of April 2023, containing 17.50 percent of the global population.
The 3 UAs with populations of 10 million and above are known as Mega Cities (The census defines the three as Greater Mumbai UA (18.4 million), Delhi UA (16.3 million) and Kolkata UA (14.1 million).[1]) The cities listed in bold are the capitals of the respective state / union territory and New Delhi, the capital of India.
China's population rose from approximately 430 million in 1850 to 580 million in 1953, [52] and now stands at over 1.3 billion. The population of the Indian subcontinent, which was about 125 million in 1750, increased to 389 million in 1941; [53] today, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are collectively home to about 1.63 billion people. [54]
The diverse history of the Indian Ocean is a unique mix of cultures, ethnic groups, natural resources, and shipping routes. It grew in importance beginning in the 1960s and 1970s and, after the Cold War, it has undergone periods of political instability, most recently with the emergence of India and China as regional powers. [74]
Ponnapalli et al. (2013), Aging and the Demographic mad man Transition in India and Its States: A Comparative Perspective, International Journal of Asian Social Science, 3(1), pp 171–193; The Future Population on India Archived 2015-07-01 at the Wayback Machine Population Research Bureau