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  2. Delta-sigma modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta-sigma_modulation

    Delta-sigma ( ΔΣ; or sigma-delta, ΣΔ) modulation is an oversampling method for encoding signals into low bit depth digital signals at a very high sample-frequency as part of the process of delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs). Delta-sigma modulation achieves high quality by utilizing a ...

  3. Delta modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_modulation

    Delta modulation ( DM or Δ-modulation) is an analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog signal conversion technique used for transmission of voice information where quality is not of primary importance. DM is the simplest form of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) where the difference between successive samples is encoded into n-bit data ...

  4. Analog-to-digital converter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog-to-digital_converter

    A delta-sigma ADC (also known as a sigma-delta ADC) is based on a negative feedback loop with an analog filter and low resolution (often 1 bit) but high sampling rate ADC and DAC. The feedback loop continuously corrects accumulated quantization errors and performs noise shaping : quantization noise is reduced in the low frequencies of interest ...

  5. Y-Δ transform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y-Δ_transform

    Y-Δ transform. In electrical engineering, the Y-Δ transform, also written wye-delta and also known by many other names, is a mathematical technique to simplify the analysis of an electrical network. The name derives from the shapes of the circuit diagrams, which look respectively like the letter Y and the Greek capital letter Δ.

  6. Digital-to-analog converter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital-to-analog_converter

    In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter ( DAC, D/A, D2A, or D-to-A) is a system that converts a digital signal into an analog signal. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) performs the reverse function. There are several DAC architectures; the suitability of a DAC for a particular application is determined by figures of merit including ...

  7. Thermal conductance and resistance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductance_and...

    The relationship between thermal conductance and resistance is analogous to that between electrical conductance and resistance in the domain of electronics. Thermal insulance ( R -value) is a measure of a material's resistance to the heat current. It quantifies how effectively a material can resist the transfer of heat through conduction ...

  8. Pulse-width modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-width_modulation

    Pulse-width modulation ( PWM ), also known as pulse-duration modulation ( PDM) or pulse-length modulation ( PLM ), [1] is any method of representing a signal as a rectangular wave with a varying duty cycle (and for some methods also a varying period ). PWM is useful for controlling the average power or amplitude delivered by an electrical signal.

  9. Pulse-density modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-density_modulation

    Pulse-density modulation, or PDM, is a form of modulation used to represent an analog signal with a binary signal.In a PDM signal, specific amplitude values are not encoded into codewords of pulses of different weight as they would be in pulse-code modulation (PCM); rather, the relative density of the pulses corresponds to the analog signal's amplitude.