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  2. Limit of a function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limit_of_a_function

    e. In mathematics, the limit of a function is a fundamental concept in calculus and analysis concerning the behavior of that function near a particular input which may or may not be in the domain of the function. Formal definitions, first devised in the early 19th century, are given below.

  3. Limit inferior and limit superior - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limit_inferior_and_limit...

    Limit inferior and limit superior. In mathematics, the limit inferior and limit superior of a sequence can be thought of as limiting (that is, eventual and extreme) bounds on the sequence. They can be thought of in a similar fashion for a function (see limit of a function). For a set, they are the infimum and supremum of the set's limit points ...

  4. Harmonic function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_function

    Examples of harmonic functions of two variables are: The real or imaginary part of any holomorphic function.; The function (,) = ⁡; this is a special case of the example above, as (,) = ⁡ (+), and + is a holomorphic function.

  5. Limit (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limit_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a limit is the value that a function (or sequence) approaches as the argument (or index) approaches some value. [1] Limits of functions are essential to calculus and mathematical analysis, and are used to define continuity, derivatives, and integrals. The concept of a limit of a sequence is further generalized to the concept of ...

  6. Mittag-Leffler function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mittag-Leffler_function

    The Mittag-Leffler function can be used to interpolate continuously between a Gaussian and a Lorentzian function. In mathematics, the Mittag-Leffler function is a special function, a complex function which depends on two complex parameters and . It may be defined by the following series when the real part of is strictly positive: [1][2] where ...

  7. Cube root - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cube_root

    In mathematics, a cube root of a number x is a number y such that y 3 = x.All nonzero real numbers have exactly one real cube root and a pair of complex conjugate cube roots, and all nonzero complex numbers have three distinct complex cube roots.

  8. Finite field arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_field_arithmetic

    Finite field arithmetic. In mathematics, finite field arithmetic is arithmetic in a finite field (a field containing a finite number of elements) contrary to arithmetic in a field with an infinite number of elements, like the field of rational numbers. There are infinitely many different finite fields. Their number of elements is necessarily of ...

  9. Log-normal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-normal_distribution

    The log-normal distribution has also been associated with other names, such as McAlister, Gibrat and Cobb–Douglas. [4] A log-normal process is the statistical realization of the multiplicative product of many independent random variables, each of which is positive.